Litaba
- Majoe a majoe
- Mehlala ea majoe a sa tsotelleng
- Majoe Sedimentary
- Mehlala ea mafika a sedimentary
- Majoe a Metamorphic
- Mehlala ea majoe a metamorphic
The mafika ke mokhatlo oa e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta liminerale. Li hlahisoa ke lits'ebetso tsa jioloji. Mafika a lula a fetoloa ke liketso tsa mahlahana a fapaneng a jioloji, joalo ka metsi kapa moea, le ka libopuoa.
The mafika Li arotsoe ho latela thepa ea tsona:
Majoe a majoe
The majne a majoe ke litholoana tsa ho tiisa ea magma. Magma ke boima ba diminerale bo qhibilihisitsoeng, ke hore, bo na le mokelikeli o itseng. Magma e na le liminerale ka bobeli le likhase tse sa tsitsang le tse qhibilihileng.
Majoe a majoe a ka kenella kapa a phahama:
- The majoe a kenang, eo hape e bitsoang plutonics, ke eona e ngata ka ho fetisisa ebile e etsa likarolo tse tebileng tsa lefatše.
- The majoe a phallang, eo hape e bitsoang seretse se chesang, e thehoa ka lebaka la ho bata hoa seretse se chesang se holim'a lefatše.
Mehlala ea majoe a sa tsotelleng
- Granite (plutonic): 'mala o moputsoa kapa o mofubelu bo bobebe. E entsoe ka quartz, potasiamo feldspar le mica.
- Porphyry (plutonic): 'mala o mofubelu bo lefifi. E entsoe ka feldspar le quartz.
- Gabbro (plutonic): e mahoashe ka sebopeho. E entsoe ka calcium plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine, hornblende le hypersthene.
- Sesyene (plutonic): e khetholloa ho morema hobane ha e na quartz. E na le feldspar, oligoclases, albite le liminerale tse ling.
- Greenstone (plutonic): lipakeng tsa sebopeho: likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo tsa plagioclase le karolo ea boraro ea liminerale tse lefifi.
- Peridotite (plutonic): lefifi ka 'mala le phahameng segokanyipalo. E entsoe hoo e batlang e le pyroxene.
- Tonalite (plutonic): e entsoe ka quartz, plagioclase, hornblende, le biotite.
- Basalt (seretse se chesang): e lefifi ka 'mala, e entsoe ka magnesium le li-silicates tsa tšepe, ntle le boleng bo tlase ba silika.
- Andesite (seretse se chesang): 'mala o lefifi kapa o bohareng ka bohlooho. E entsoe ka plagioclase le liminerale tsa ferromagnesic.
- Rhyolite (volcanic) ea 'mala o sootho, o moputsoa kapa o mofubelu. E thehiloe ke quartz le potasiamo feldspar.
- Dacite (seretse se chesang): e na le tšepe e ngata, e entsoe ka plagioclase feldspar.
- Trachyte (seretse se chesang): e entsoe ka potasiamo feldspar le plagioclase, biotite, pyroxene le hornblende.
Majoe Sedimentary
The majoe a sedimentary Li entsoe ka phetoho le tšenyo ea mafika a mang a neng a le teng pele. Ka tsela ena, li-depositi tsa masalla li theoa tse ka lulang sebakeng se le seng moo li tsoang teng kapa tse tsamaisoang ke metsi, moea, leqhoa kapa maqhubu a leoatle.
Majoe a sedimentary a thehiloe ke diagenesis (compaction, cementing) ea sediment. Meetso e fapaneng e theha strata, ke hore, likarolo tse entsoeng ka depositi.
Mehlala ea mafika a sedimentary
- Lekhalo: lejoe le senyehang la sedimentary, le entsoe ka likaroloana tsa majoe a majoe a maholo ho feta limilimithara tse 2. Likhechana tsena li kopantsoe le samente ea tlhaho.
- Lejoe la lejoe: Lefika la sedimentary la Detrital, la mebala e fapaneng, le nang le likhahla tsa boholo ba lehlabathe.
- Shale: lefika le senyehang la sedimentary. E entsoe ka maloanlahla a mangata, ka likaroloana tse boholo ba letsopa le seretse.
- Loam: e entsoe ka calcite le letsopa. Hangata e soeufala ka 'mala.
- Lejoe la mokoetla: e entsoe haholo ka calcium carbonate. E ka ba tšoeu, e ntšo kapa e sootho.
Majoe a Metamorphic
The Majoe a Metamorphic ke tse hlahisoang ke ho fetoha ha lejoe le fetileng le neng le behiloe tikolohong e matla e fapaneng haholo le sebopeho sa lona (mohlala, ho bata ho feta kapa ho chesa haholo, kapa ke phetoho e kholo ea khatello).
Metamorphism e ka tsoela pele kapa ea fetoha. Tsoelo-pele ea phetoho e etsahala ha lefika le le tlas'a mocheso o phahameng kapa khatello e phahameng, empa le sa qhibilihe.
Metamorphism e hatellang e etsahala ha lefika le bile teng ka botebo bo boholo (moo ho nang le khatello le mocheso o moholo) mme ha le atamela bokaholimo le ba le sa tsitsa le ho fetoha.
Mehlala ea majoe a metamorphic
- 'Mabole: Rock ea compact metamorphic e tsoang lejoeng la lejoe la mokoetla le tlas'a mocheso le khatello e phahameng. Karolo ea eona ea mantlha ke calcium carbonate.
- Gneiss: e entsoe ka quartz, feldspar le mica. Sebopeho sa eona se ts'oana le granite empa se theha likarolo tse ling tsa liminerale tse bobebe le tse lefifi.
- Quartzite: Metamorphic rattan e nang le quartz e phahameng.
- Amphibolite: majoe a khale ka ho fetisisa a fumanoeng.
- Li-granulite: e thehiloe ke ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso. E soeufetse ka 'mala, o kentsoe mabenyane a garnet. Li fumaneha mabopong a leoatle.
