Litaba
The likokoana-hloko tse nyenyane haholo (hape e bitsoa likokoana-hloko) ke libopuoa tse nyane ka ho fetesisa tse phelang polaneteng, tse ka bonoang feela ka microscope. Ke libopuoa tse fuoeng botho bo ikemetseng boo mokhatlo oa tsona oa tlhaho, ho fapana le liphoofolo le limela, e leng oa mantlha le maemong a mangata e na le sele e le 'ngoe feela.
Har'a litšobotsi tsa kokoana-hloko ho na le monyetla oa ho phetha liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa metabolism (ho tsamaisa ka potlako ka lera le ho hasana liseleng), hape le ho ikatisa ka potlako, maemong a mang ho aroloa metsotso e meng le e meng e mashome a mabeli.
Ntle le moo, hantle-ntle ka lebaka la tlhahiso ena e potlakileng, li fetola tikoloho e ba potileng ka liphetoho tse potlakileng le tse potlakileng ka phediso ya matlakala a metabolism ya disele: ka kutloisiso ena, ba hlahisa mekhoa ea ho hanyetsa e ba etsang hore ba pholohe bolibeng bo boholo ba li-sediment, limithara tse makholo le limilione tsa lilemo li patiloe.
Lefatše le re potileng le entsoe haholo ka likokoana-hloko, empa tsena Li fumanoe feela ha li qala ho sebetsa ka ho holisa likhalase kapa li-microscopes libakeng tse fapaneng tsa mosebetsi oa mahlale..
Tse ling tsa tsona li kopana le mosebetsi o ts'oanang le libōpuoa tse li amohelang (joalo ka libaktheria tse ka mpeng) ha tse ling, ka kutloisiso e fapaneng, li le kotsi ho bophelo bo botle (joalo ka livaerase tse hlahisang karabelo masoleng a 'mele).
Mefuta ea likokoana-hloko tse nyane haholo
Likokoana-hloko tse khonang ho kenella le ho ikatisa linthong tse ling tseo li li senyang li bitsoa microorganisms tsa pathogenic. Li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse tharo:
- BaktheriaLikokoana-hloko tse nang le sele e le 'ngoe tsa' muso oa monera, tse nang le sebopeho se ka bang chitja kapa sa potoloha. Ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bophelo lefatšeng, empa li ka bonoa feela ka microscope. Karolo eo e sebetsang ka eona e totobetse, maemong a mang e etsa ho senyeha ha lintho tse phelang 'me ho tse ling e kopanya metabolism ea eona le ea batho. Ka linako tse ling li baka mafu a fapaneng.
- Protozoa ea likokoana-hlokoLikokoana-hloko tse nang le li-unicellular tse khetholloang ke metabolism e rarahaneng. Ba fepa ka limatlafatsi tse tiileng, algae le libaktheria tse teng linthong tse ngata tse ngata tse kang liphoofolo le batho. Ka makhetlo a mangata sehlopha sena sa likokoana-hloko se khahlanong le chlorine disinfection, 'me tsela ea ho li felisa ke ka ho hloekisa le tšebeliso ea sodium hypochlorite.
- Vaerase: Ultramicroscopic biology system (esita le e nyane) e ka bakang tšoaetso, mme e ikatisa feela liseleng tse amohelang. Li khetholloa ka ho ba le lera le sireletsang, hape li ka ba le sebopeho se chitja kapa se chitja. Li na le mofuta o le mong feela oa acid ea nucleic, 'me ha li khone ho ikatisa ka botsona empa li hloka metabolism ea sele e amohelang. Ho fapana le libaktheria, livaerase tsohle li na le ts'oaetso mme ka hona li kotsi ho bophelo bo botle: li ke ke tsa felisoa ka lithibela-mafu.
The sesole sa 'mele ke tšireletso ea 'mele khahlanong le tšoaetso. Ka methati e mengata, sistimi ena e loana le ho senya likokoana-hloko tse hlaselang tse hlaselang pele li ka baka kotsi, tseo bongata ba tsona e leng likokoana-hloko tse nyenyane haholo. Batho ba baholo le ba banyenyane haholo ba hlaseloa habonolo ke likokoana-hloko tsena tse nyenyane haholo, kaha sesole sa 'mele sea fokola.
Mehlala ea likokoana-hloko tse nyane haholo
- Paramecium (ba tsamaea ka meaho e mekhutšoane joalo ka moriri o monyane)
- Lefu la Herpes simplex - sefuba se batang (vaerase)
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Colpoda
- Myxovirus Mumps (e baka mumps)
- Falvobacterium e nang le metsi
- Proteus mirabilis (tšoaetso ea mosese)
- Vaerase ea Variola (e hlahisa sekholopane)
- Lethathamo
- Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (e neng e tloaetse ho etsa veine, mahobe le biri)
- Blepharocorys
- Lefuba la Mycobacterium
- Rotavirus (e baka lets'ollo)
- Ascetosporea e khetholloang ka ho lula metsing a se nang lesapo la mokokotlo la metsing.
- Beta hemolytic streptococci (tonsillitis)
- Giardia lamblia (Likokoana-hloko tsa Protozoan)
- Balantidium
- Poxvirus (e baka lefu la molluscum contagiosum)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (e baka pneumonia)
- Tomoso (li-fungus)
- H1N1 (vaerase)
- Coccidia e atisang mala a liphoofolo
- Schizotrypanum
- Toxoplasma Gondii, e fetisoang ke nama e khubelu e sa butsoang.
- Poliovirus (Poliomyelitis)
- Amoebas (Protozoan microorganisms)
- Bacillus thuringiensis
- Entodinium
- Haemophilus influenzae (e baka meningitis)
- Eimeria (semelo sa mebutlanyana)
- Salmonella typhi
- Enterobacter aerogene
- Chloroflexus aurantiacus
- Kokoana-hloko ea papilloma - li-warts (vaerase)
- Herpes simplex (herpes simplex)
- Azotobacter chroococcum
- Mefuta (li-fungus)
- Rhinovirus - ntaramane (vaerase)
- Pediastrum
- Rodospirillum rubrum
- Kokoana-hloko ea Varicella Zoster (Varicella)
- Paramecia (Likokoana-hloko tsa Protozoan)
- HIV (kokoana-hloko ea 'mele ea motho ea ho itšireletsa mafung)
- Plomarium Malarie (e fetisoa ka ho longoa ke menoang).
- Hemosporidia (phela lisele tse khubelu tsa mali)
- Volvox
- Kokoana-hloko ea 'mele ea motho ea ho itšireletsa mafung - AIDS (vaerase)
- Clostridium tetani
- Escherichia coli - E hlahisa letšollo (libaktheria)
- Arbovirus (encephalitis)
Bona tse ling ho: Mehlala ea Likokoana-hloko
