Litaba
- Kemiso
- Mefuta ea tšenyo eo ba e hlahisang
- Liponahatso 'meleng
- Mehlala ea lintho tse chefo 'meleng oa motho
The lintho tse chefo Ke lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tseo lits'ebetsong tse ling tsa tsona (ho li etsa, ho li sebelisa, ho li aba kapa ho li lahla) li hlahisang kotsi ho bophelo ba motho (mafu kapa lefu).
Le ha chefo e hlaha ha methati efe kapa efe e le kotsi ho bophelo bo botle, hangata e amahanngoa le tshebediso: Boholo ba lintho tse chefo ke lik'hemik'hale tsa maiketsetso, tse bakang tšenyo ha li jeoa ka molomo.
Kemiso
The toxicology ke ikhethang e inehetseng mofuteng ona oa thepa. Kameho ea lintho kapa maemo a kantle ho libopuoa, lits'ebetso tsa bioloji, litho, lisele le lisele ke sebaka sa ho ithuta taeo ena.
Hangata o khetholla likarolo tse chefo ka lihlopha tse tharo:
- Lik'hemik'hale manyolo le lintho tse phelang tse bakang tšenyo 'meleng: likarolo tsa lik'hemik'hale tse kang loto li hlaha har'a tse sa tloaelehang, ha tse ling tsa lintho tse phelang ho na le lintho tse kang methanol, le chefo e ngata e tsoang liphoofolong.
- Chefo ea likokoana-hloko, E hlahisoa ka chefo e hlahisoang ke livaerase le libaktheria, tse ikatisang ka ho hlahisa tšoaetso. Ho fapana le ea pejana, mofuta ona oa chefo o ipapisitse le bokhoni ba moamoheli ba ho itšireletsa, hobane ho ka etsahala hore lintho tse peli tse ts'oanang li sebetse ka tsela e fapaneng ho li-receptor tse fapaneng.
- Chefo ea 'meleKe linthong tse fapaneng tseo hangata li sa nkoang li le chefo, empa tse amang 'mele joalo ka mahlaseli a X le mahlaseli a gamma, kapa mahlaseli a tsoang likarolong tse fapaneng.
Bona hape: Mehlala ea Litšila Tse Kotsi
Mefuta ea tšenyo eo ba e hlahisang
Ha chefo e kena 'meleng, e ka hlahisa mefuta e fapaneng ea liphetoho tsa sebopeho kapa likotsi (ho tsoa liseleng tse senyehang) kapa tse sebetsang (joalo ka liphetoho tsa DNA kapa thibelo ea ts'ebetso ea enzymatic). Kameho eo ba nang le eona 'meleng e arola chefo ka sehlopha se secha:
- Toxics ea alejiki: Chefo e kena ka sebopeho sa liprotheine.
- Chefo e thethefatsang bohloko: Li ama tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng.
- Ho cheka chefo: Li thibela ho fihla ha oksijene liseleng.
- Chefo ea carcinogenic: Li ama sebopeho sa RNA le DNA.
- Toxics e senyang: Ba senya lisele tseo ba itšoarang ka tsona.
Liponahatso 'meleng
Ha 'mele oa motho o apareloa ke likarolo tse kotsi bophelong ba ona, ho thoe' mele o joalo tahiloe. Maemong ana, 'mele o tloaetse ho hlasela ntho, ho e laola, ho e theola ka nako e khuts'oane le ho e leleka: leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling ts'ebetso ena e hloleha hobane ts'ireletso ea tlhaho e tlase, kapa hobane ho na le mothamo o moholo oa ntho e hlaselang .
Ponahalo ea lihloba le mahare, feberu e matla, ho hema ka thata, letshollo le matla, ho hlatsa ho hoholo le matšoao a mang Ke tseo 'mele o li sebelisang ho bontša botahoa,' me li tlameha ho tšoaroa ke lingaka ka nepo.
Mehlala ea lintho tse chefo 'meleng oa motho
- Leseli
- Methanol
- Lefuba la Mycobacterium
- Lefu la Rift Valley fever
- Arsenic
- Hydrogen sulfide
- Chlorobenzene
- Cadmium
- Lefu la Venezuela la equine encephalitis
- Shigelladysenteriae mofuta oa 1
- Chlordane
- Anhydride ea sebabole
- Aniline
- Setaele
- Lefu la West Nile
- Kokoana-hloko ea yellow fever
- Lefu la encephalitis ea Russia ea selemo-lehlabula
- UN 2900
- Vinyl chloride
- Oli ea Mafura
- Asbestos
- Likokoanyana tse bolaeang likokoanyana
- Likokoanyana tse bolaeang likokoanyana (organochlorines, pyrethroids, carbamates)
- Lefu la Sabia
- Etella pele
- Motsoako
- Amerika
- Cyanide
- Vinyl ea acetate
- Chlorfenvinphos
- Trichlorethylene
- Isocyanates
- Lefu la pholio
- Ammonia
- Chloroethane
- Toluene
- Kokoana-hloko ea li-rabies
- Aluminium
- Chlorophenols
- Lefu la Omsk hemorrhagic fever
- Yersinia pestis
- Carbon monoxide
- Zinki
- Tetradoxin
- Acrylonitrile
- Tšoaea kokoana-hloko ea encephalitis
- Barium chloride
- Acrolein
- Sekoto
- Kokoana-hloko ea Variola
