The colloids ba Metsoako e ts'oanangJoalo ka tharollo, empa ntlheng ena ka tekanyo e nyane haholo, likaroloana tsa ntho e le ngoe kapa tse 'maloa lia khetholleha, karolo e qhalakaneng kapa e sa khaotseng, e hasantsoeng ka ntho e ngoe e bitsoang karolo e qhalakaneng kapa e tsoelang pele.
Lentswe colloid e ile ea hlahisoa ke setsebi sa k'hemistri sa Scotland Thomas Graham ho 1861 'me e tsoa motsong oa Segerike kolas (κoλλα), e bolelang "e khomarelang"Kapa"unctuous”, Sena se amana le thepa ea mofuta ona oa lintho e se ke ea feta har'a li-filters tse tloaelehileng.
Lenaneong la colloids, likaroloana tse mokhahlelong o qhalakaneng li kholo ka ho lekana ho hasanya khanya (phello ea mahlo e tsejoang ka hore ke phello ea Tyndall), empa ha e nyane haholo hoo e ka qhoqhoang le ho arohana. Boteng ba ts'ebetso ena ea mahlo bo nolofalletsa ho khetholla colloid ho tsoa tharollong kapa tharollong. Likaroloana Colloid na le bophara ba pakeng tsa 1 nanometer le micrometer; ea tharollo e nyane ho feta nanometer e le 'ngoe.Kakaretso ea li-colloids e bitsoa micelles.
Boemo ba 'mele ba colloid bo hlalosoa ka boemo ba' mele bo qhalakaneng, bo ka bang mokelikeli, bo tiileng kapa bo nang le moea o mongata; Karolo e qhalakaneng e ka tsamaellana le o mong oa mefuta ena e meraro, leha li-colloids tse nang le khase e lula e le metsi kapa e le thata.
Lintho tsa colloidal li bohlokoa ho theheng lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa indasteri tse sebelisoang ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng le o moholo, joalo ka pente, polasetiki, moriana o bolaeang likokoanyana bakeng sa temo, inki, samente, sesepa, lintho tsa ho tlotsa, lisepa, likhomaretsi le lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa lijo. Li-colloids tse fumanehang mobung li kenya letsoho ho bolokeng metsi le limatlafatsi.
Ho tsa bongaka, li-colloids kapa li-plasma tse eketsang li sebelisoa ho holisa bophahamo ba methapo ea methapo nako e telele ho feta kamoo ho fumanoang ka ts'ebeliso ea li-crystalloids.
Colloids e ka ba hydrophilic kapa hydrophobic. Baetsi ba maiketsetso joalo ka sesepa (matsoai a liketane tse telele tse mafura acid) kapa sesepa li theha li-colloids tsa mokhatlo, li lumella botsitso ba li-colloids tsa hydrophobic.
Ha phapang e hlakileng e ka etsoa lipakeng tsa mokhahlelo o qhalakantsoeng le setsi se hasang, e bitsoa colloid e bonolo. Ho na le li-colloid tse ling tse rarahaneng ho feta, tse kang li-colloidal system, moo mekhahlelo ka bobeli e thehoang ka marang-rang a kopaneng (likhalase tse kopaneng le li-gel le li-cream tse ngata tsa mofuta ona), le tse bitsoang li-colloids tse ngata, moo setsi se qhalakaneng se lulang teng ka mekhahlelo e 'meli kapa ho feta e qhalakantsoeng, e arotsoeng hantle. Ho fanoe ka mehlala e mashome a mabeli ea li-colloids ka tlase:
- Setlolo sa lebese
- Lebese
- Lente tsa pente
- Bokoe
- Jelly
- Moholi
- Mosi
- Montmorillonite le letsopa le leng la silicate
- Lintho tse phelang
- Lefufuru
- Lihlahisoa tsa albin
- Lero la mali
- Dextrans
- Setala sa Hydroethyl
- Lesapo le lohiloeng
- Mosi
- Detergents
- Gel ea silika
- Titanium oxide
- Ruby
