Litaba
The tse phelang (likokoana-hloko), ho latela palo ea lisele tse li qapileng, ho ka nahanoa unicellular (haeba li entsoe ka sele e le 'ngoe) kapa tse ngata (kapa tse ngata, tse entsoeng ka lisele tse peli kapa ho feta).
The lisele li nkuoa e le likaroloana tsa bophelo. Ke likarolo ka bobeli boemong ba morpholoji le tšebetsong. Ke likarolo tsa morpholoji hobane li lika-likelitsoe ke enfelopo, e bitsoang sele kapa lera la cytoplasmic.
Holim'a moo, lisele ke likarolo tse sebetsang hobane li theha sistimi e rarahaneng ea lik'hemik'hale. Kahoo, ba na le bokhoni ba ho fepa le ho boloka metabolism ea bona, ho hola le ho ikatisa ho tsoa liphatseng tsa lefutso tse teng mokokotlong, ho khetholla (ho hlahisa litšobotsi tse ikhethileng tse fapaneng le tsa lisele tse ling), le ho fetoha.
Litšobotsi tsohle tsa lisele li arolelanoa ke li-unicellular le li-multicellular organism (eo hape e bitsoang tse ngata).
Bona hape: Mehlala ea Cellular Organelles (le mosebetsi oa eona)
Ho ikatisa ha sele
The likokoana-hloko tse ngata li hlaha qalong ho tsoa sele e le 'ngoe. Le batho nakong ea kemolo qalong ke sele. Leha ho le joalo, sele eo e qala ho ikatisa hang-hang. Lisele li ka ikatisa ka mekhoa e 'meli:
- Mitosis: E hlaha liseleng tsa somatic. Sele e arohana hang feela (lisele tse peli li tsoa seleng). Morali'abo rona li-chromatids tse arohaneng ebile ha ho na crossover e etsahalang, ka hona lisele tsa barali ba babeli li na le tlhaiso-leseling e tšoanang ea lefutso. Ke karohano e khuts'oane ea sele e ikemiselitseng ho hola le ho nchafatsa lisele le lisele.
- MeiosisE hlahisoa feela ka liseleng tsa methapo ea kutlo (lisele tsa thobalano). Sele e aroha habeli. Karolong ea pele, li-chromosome tse ratanang le batho ba bang li arotsoe ka lekhetlo la bobeli, li-chromatids lia aroloa ebe ho na le crossover pakeng tsa li-chromosomes tsa homolog. Ke kahoo lisele tsa barali ba bane li fapaneng ka liphatsa tsa lefutso. Morero oa eona ke ho tsoelapele ha mofuta le ho se tšoane ha liphatsa tsa lefutso.
Ho tsoa kaholimo ho ka fihlela qeto ea hore likokoana-hloko tse ngata Ba fumana lisele tsohle tsa bona (ntle le tsa thobalano) ho tsoa seleng e le 'ngoe ea pele ka lebaka la mitosis.
Likokoana-hloko tse nang le lisele tse ngata ha se lisele tsohle tse tšoanang, empa li fapana ho etsa mesebetsi e fapaneng: mohlala, ho na le lisele tsa methapo ea kutlo, lisele tsa epithelial, lisele tsa mesifa jj. The lisele tse khethehileng li hlophisitsoe ka lihlopha tse bitsoang masela, 'me tsona li hlophisoa etsa litho tsa 'mele.
Lisele tsa Prokaryotic le Eukaryotic
Ntle le phapang, ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea lisele eo le eona e khethollang mefuta e' meli e fapaneng ea lintho tse phelang:
Lisele tsa Prokaryotic: Boholo ba tsona bo ka tlase ho microns tse peli, mme leha li na le lera la sele, ha li na lera la nyutlelie (e arolang khubung le cytoplasm). DNA e teng e le molek'hule e le 'ngoe e chitja,' me e na le tse fokolang protheine e amanang le mekhatlo ea basebetsi e fokolang. DNA e theha chromosome e le 'ngoe. Li-organelles tsa eona feela tsa cytoplasmic ke li-ribosome tse nyane. Ha e na masapo a ka hare. Lisele tsa Prokaryotic li theha PROCARIONTE ORGANISMS (libaktheria le cyanobacteria). Hangata ke likokoana-hloko tse UNICELLULAR, ntle le myxobacteria.
Lisele tsa eukaryotic: Boholo ba eona bo feta microns tse peli, ntle le lera la sele e na le lera la nyutlelie. DNA e etsa limolek'hule tse tsamaeang hantle tse nang le liprotheine tse amanang le tsona ka litlamo tse matla. DNA e theha li-chromosome tse 'maloa tse arohaneng. Sele e na le mefuta e fapaneng ea "cytoplasmic organelles", masapo a kahare le likarolo tse kahare. Lisele tsa eukaryotic li theha LITLHAKU TSA EUCHARIAN (joalo ka liphoofolo, limela le motho) tseo e leng likokoana-hloko tse ngata.
Bona hape: Mehlala ea Likokoana-hloko tse Unicellular le Multicellular
E ka u sebeletsa: Likarolo tsa 'mele oa motho
Mehlala ea likokoana-hloko tse ngata
- Motho: Mefuta e fapaneng ea lisele e etsa mefuta e mengata ea lisele tse etsang tsamaiso ea mali, methapo, masapo, jj.
- Lekhala: Joalo ka li-crustaceans tse ling, karolo ea lisele tsa eona ea aroloa ho etsa phallo ea mobu, e koahelang le ho sireletsa phoofolo.
- Dolphin: Phoofolo e anyesang ea metsing. Joalo ka liphoofolo tsohle, e entsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lisele tsa liphoofolo tsa eukaryotic.
- Koro: Thollo ea lelapa la joang. E entsoe ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lisele tsa semela tsa eukaryotic.
- Metsa: Nonyana ea litloaelo tse fallang, ea lelapa la hirundínidos, ea taelo ea bapalami.
- Jwang: Joalo ka limela tse ling tse monocotyledonous, kutu ea eona e kenyelletsa lisele tsa meristematic tse lumellang bolelele ba eona hore bo eketsehe kamora ho khaoloa.
- Khoho: Nonyana ea lelapa la Phasianidae. Joalo ka linonyana tse ling, e koaetsoe ke masiba a entsoeng ka lisele tse ikhethang tsa li-epidermis tse bitsoang li-keratinocyte.
- Salemone: Ka bobeli litlhapi tsa metsing le metsing a hloekileng. Joalo ka litlhapi tse ngata (masapo kapa lefufuru) letlalo la lona le koahetsoe ke sekala, lisele tse ikhethang tse fapaneng le sekala sa reptile.
- Frog ea temporaria: Se-Amphibian anuran oa lelapa la Ranidae, le ahileng Europe le Asia leboea-bophirima ho Asia.
- Mokholutsoane o motala: Mefuta ea mokholutsoane (reptile) oa lelapa la Teiidae. E sebakeng sa ecozone se akaretsang Chaco ea Argentina, Bolivia le Paraguay.
Ehlile, ntle le tse boletsoeng, ho ka thathamisoa mehlala e likete, hobane liphoofolo tsohle tse teng ke lintho tse ngata tse nang le lisele tse ngata. Haeba u hloka mehlala e meng, u ka etela karolo ea Mehlala ea Liphoofolo Tse Likokoana-hloko, kapa Liphoofolo tse se nang lesapo.
- E ka u sebeletsa: Likokoana-hloko tsa Unicellular ke eng?
