Mehlala ea 30 ea Cellular Organelles (le mesebetsi ea eona) - Encyclopedia

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Li-organelles liseleng tsa eukaryotic
Li-organelles liseleng tsa prokaryotic
Mehlala ea li-organelles liseleng tsa eukaryotic
Mehlala ea li-organelles liseleng tsa prokaryotic

The organelles kapa lisele tsa cellular ke meaho e kahare ho sele e ngoe le e ngoe. Li fapana ka morpholoji ebile li fapana ka ts'ebetso eo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e e phethang kahare ho sele. Mohlala: mitochondria, lisebelisoa tsa Golgi, li-ribosome.

Li-Organele li teng liseleng tsa eukaryotic le prokaryotic. Mofuta le palo ea li-organelles tseo sele e nang le tsona li ipapisitse le ts'ebetso le sebopeho sa eona. Mohlala: Lisele tsa semela li na le chloroplast organelle (e ikarabellang bakeng sa photosynthesis).

Li-organelles liseleng tsa eukaryotic

Lisele tsa eukaryotic ke tse nang le khubu ea sele e nang le DNA. Li teng ka likokoana-hloko tse se nang lisele le li-multicellular. Mohlala: sele ea liphoofolo, sele ea semela.

Mofuta ona oa lisele o entsoe ka sebopeho se nang le lera, mokokotlo oa sele le cytoplasm (moo palo e kholo ea lisele tsa sele e fumanehang). Li-Organelles li lumella lisele tsa eukaryotic hore li khethehe ho feta lisele tsa prokaryotic.

E ka u thusa: Lisele tse khethehileng

Li-organelles liseleng tsa prokaryotic

Lisele tsa Prokaryotic ke tse se nang mokokotlo oa sele. Li teng linthong tse nang le unicellular. Li na le sebopeho se nyane mme ha li rarahane ho feta lisele tsa eukaryotic. Mohlala: the libaktheria, litsoe.

Ho fapana le lisele tsa eukaryotic, li-prokaryote li na le li-organelles tse fapaneng ka sebopeho sa tsona, tse fapaneng ho latela litšobotsi le ts'ebetso ea sele ka 'ngoe' me li teng ho tse ling feela. Mohlala: ribosomes kapa plasmids.

Lisele tsa Prokaryotic li arolelana lera, cytoplasm, ribosomes le liphatsa tsa lefutso le sele ea eukaryotic.

Mehlala ea li-organelles liseleng tsa eukaryotic

Lisele tsa lebota. Sebopeho se thata se fanang ka tšireletso ho lisele tse fumanoang limela, li-fungus le lisele tse ling tsa prokaryotic. E entsoe ka lik'habohaedreite le liprotheine. Lerako lena la sele le sireletsa sele ho tsoa tikolohong e kantle.
Lera la Plasma. Sesebelisoa se tšesaane sa lipid se nang le limolek'hule tsa protheine. E ea otloloha 'me mosebetsi oa eona ke ho laola ho kena le ho tsoa ha lintho ka seleng. E sireletsa sebopeho le bots'epehi ba sele ho tsoa linthong tse kantle tsa tikoloho. E boetse e teng liseleng tsa prokaryotic.
Reticulum e bohloko ea endoplasmic. Khokahano ea lera e fumanehang hoo e batlang e le lisele tsohle tsa eukaryotic. Mosebetsi oa eona ke ho kopanya le ho tsamaisa liprotheine. E na le li-ribosome tse e fang ponahalo e mpe.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Lera le tsoelang pele ho ba le "reticulum" e mpe empa e se na ribosomes.Mesebetsi ea eona e kenyelletsa ho tsamaisa sele, lipid synthesis le polokelo ea calcium.
Liribosome. Li-supramolecular complexes tse fumanehang ka bongata ho hoo e ka bang lisele tsohle tsa eukaryotic. Mosebetsi oa ona ke ho kopanya liprotheine tse tsoang boitsebisong bo fumanehang ho DNA. Li fumanoa li lokolohile ka cytoplasm kapa li khomaretse reticulum e thata ea endoplasmic. Li boetse li teng ka har'a lisele tsa prokaryotic.
Lisebelisoa tsa Golgi. Letoto la lera leo mosebetsi oa lona e leng ho tsamaisa le ho paka liprotheine. E ikarabella bakeng sa ho theha gluco-lipids le gluco-protein.
Mitochondria. Meetso ea sebopeho se sephara kapa se oval se ikarabellang bakeng sa ho fana ka matla seleng. Li kopanya adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ka ho hema ha lisele. Li fumaneha hoo e batlang e le lisele tsohle tsa eukaryotic.
Li-vacuoles. Meetso e teng liseleng tsohle tsa semela. Li fapana ho latela sele eo li leng ho eona. Mosebetsi oa bona ke ho boloka le ho tsamaisa. Li kenya letsoho kholisong ea litho tsa semela le lisele. Ho phaella moo, li kenella ts'ebetsong ea homeostasis (taolo ea 'mele).
Li-microtubules. Lisebelisoa tsa li-tubular tse nang le mesebetsi ea tsona: lipalangoang tsa kahare, tsamaiso le tlhophiso ea li-organelles ka seleng le ho kenella karohanong ea sele (ka bobeli ho mitosis le meiosis).
Likoloi Mekotla ea li-intracellular eo mosebetsi oa eona e leng ho boloka, ho tsamaisa kapa ho tsamaisa litšila tsa lisele. Li arotsoe ho cytoplasm ke lera.
Lysosomes Mekotla e chitja e nang le li-enzyme tse silang lijo. Mesebetsi ea bona e kenyelletsa ho tsamaisa liprotheine, tšilo ea lisele tsa cellular le phagocytosis ea likokoana-hloko tse hlaselang sele. Li teng liseleng tsohle tsa liphoofolo. Li thehiloe ke lisebelisoa tsa Golgi.
Nucleus. Sebopeho se nang le DNA ka har'a macromolecule e bitsoang chromosomes. E fumaneha feela ka lisele tsa eukaryotic.
Nyutlelie Sebaka se kahare ho khubu e entsoeng ka RNA le liprotheine. Mosebetsi oa eona ke synthesis ea ribosomal RNA.
Li-chloroplast. Lipalesa tse fumanoang feela liseleng tsa bolele le limela. Ba na le boikarabello ba ho etsa ts'ebetso ea photosynthesis ka seleng. Li na le mekotla e ka hare e nang le chlorophyll.
Melanosoma. Libae tse chitja kapa tse katiloeng tse nang le melanin, 'mala o monyang khanya. Li fumanoa liseleng tsa liphoofolo.
Centrosome. Setsi sa ho hlophisa microtubule se teng liseleng tse ling tsa liphoofolo. E nka karolo karohanong ea lisele le lits'ebetsong tsa lipalangoang. Hlophisa li-microtubules tsa sele.
Cytoskeleton Moralo oa liprotheine o fanang ka sebopeho le ho hlophisa likarolo tsa kahare tsa sele. E nka karolo ho sephethephethe sa li-cell le lisele tsa sele.
Cilia. Li-villi tse nyane, tse khuts'oane le tse ngata tse lumellang ho sisinyeha ha sele le ho tsamaisa. Li fumaneha ka holim'a mefuta e mengata ea lisele.
Tlatsa. Sistimi ea lisele tse telele le tse fokolang tse lumellang motsamao oa lisele le ho kenya letsoho ho ts'oaroeng ha lijo.
Li-peroxisomes. Meetso e bopehileng joaloka koloi e phethang mesebetsi ea metabolic. Li fumanoa liseleng tse ngata tsa eukaryotic.
Li-Amyloplast. Lipalesa tse fumanoang liseleng tse ling tsa semela tseo mosebetsi oa tsona e leng ho boloka setache.
Li-chromoplast. Lipalesa tse fumanoang liseleng tse ling tsa semela tse bolokang mebala e fang lipalesa lipalesa, limela, litholoana le metso 'mala oa tsona.
Liprotheine. Lipalesa tse fumanoang liseleng tse ling tsa semela tseo mosebetsi oa tsona e leng ho boloka liprotheine.
Li-Oleoplast. Lipoleiti tse fumanoang liseleng tse ling tsa semela tseo mosebetsi oa tsona e leng ho boloka lioli kapa mafura.
Tsebang. Mofuta oa peroxisome o teng liseleng tse ling tsa semela tse fetolang lipids ka lik'habohaedreite nakong ea ho mela ha peo.
Acrosome. Vesicle e qetellong ea hlooho ea peo e nang le li-enzyme tsa hydrolytic.
Hydrogenosome. Sebopeho se lekantsoeng sa lera se hlahisang hydrogen ea molek'hule le ATP.

Mehlala ea li-organelles liseleng tsa prokaryotic

Nucleoid. Sebaka sa lisele tse prokaryotic tse bopehileng ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang se nang le DNA ea sele.
Li-Plasmids Meetso e chitja e nang le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa sele. Li boetse li bitsoa "mobile genes." Li teng ka libaktheria le archaea.
Pili. Lisebelisoa tse fumanoeng holim'a libaktheria tse ngata. Ba phetha mesebetsi e fapaneng joalo ka motsamao oa sele kapa khokahano lipakeng tsa libaktheria.