Li-coenzymes

Litaba

• Mehlala ea li-coenzymes

The coenzymes kapa cosubstrates ke mofuta o monyane oa molek'hule ea manyolo, ea mofuta o seng oa protheine, oo mosebetsi oa ona 'meleng e leng ho tsamaisa lihlopha tse itseng tsa lik'hemik'hale lipakeng tsa li-enzyme tse fapaneng, ntle le ho ba karolo ea sebopeho. Ke mokhoa oa ts'ebetso o sebelisang li-coenzymes, tse ntseng li sebelisoa bocha ke metabolism, e lumellang tsoelo-pele ea potoloho le phapanyetsano ea lihlopha tsa lik'hemik'hale tse nang le bonyane ba tsetelo ea lik'hemik'hale le matla.

Ho na le li-coenzymes tse fapaneng haholo, tseo tse ling tsa tsona li tloaelehileng mefuteng eohle ea bophelo. Tse ngata tsa tsona ke livithamini kapa li tsoa ho tsona.

Bona hape: Mehlala ea li-enzyme (le mosebetsi oa tsona)

Mehlala ea li-coenzymes

• Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH le NAD +). Motho ea nkang karolo liphellong tsa redox, coenzyme ena e fumaneha ho bohle lisele libōpuoa tse phelang, ebang ke NAD + (e entsoeng ho tloha qalong ho tloha tryptophan kapa aspartic acid), mokelikeli oa mokelikeli le elektronike; kapa joalo ka NADH (sehlahisoa sa karabelo ea oxidation), ho fokotsa moemeli le mofani oa elektronike.
• Coenzyme A (CoA). E ikarabella bakeng sa ho fetisetsa lihlopha tsa acyl tse hlokahalang mefuteng e fapaneng ea metabolic (joalo ka synthesis le oxidation ea fatty acid), ke coenzyme ea mahala e tsoang ho vithamine B5. Nama, li-mushroom le lehe la mahe ke lijo tse nang le vithamine ena.
• Tetrahydrofolic acid (Coenzyme F). E tsejoa e le coenzyme F kapa FH₄ 'me e tsoa ho folic acid (Vitamin B₉), e bohlokoa ka ho khetheha potolohong ea li-amino acid haholo-holo tsa purine, ka phetiso ea methyl, formyl, methylene le formimino. Ho haella ha coenzyme ena ho baka khaello ea mali.
• Vithamine K. E hokahane le ntho e hoamisang mali, e sebetsa e le seetsi sa liprotheine tse fapaneng tsa mali a mali le osteocalcin. E fihlelleha ka mekhoa e meraro: Vithamine K₁, e nang le lijo tse ngata le meroho; Vithamine K₂ ea tšimoloho ea baktheria le Vithamine K₃ ea tšimoloho ea maiketsetso.
• Moqapi F420. E tsoa ho flavin le ho nka karolo ho tsamaisong ea lielektrone liphetohong tsa detox (redox), ho bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa methanogenesis, sulfitoreduction le oksijene ea detoxification.
• Adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Molek'hule ena e sebelisoa ke libopuoa tsohle ho fepa matla a tsona liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale 'me e sebelisetsoa ho qaptjoa ha RNA ea cellular. Ke molek'hule e kholo ea phetisetso ea matla ho tloha seleng e 'ngoe ho ea ho e' ngoe.
• S-adenosyl methionine (SAM). E amehile phetisong ea lihlopha tsa methyl, e ile ea sibolloa ka lekhetlo la pele ka 1952. E entsoe ka ATP le methionine, 'me e sebelisoa e le mothusi ho thibeleng Alzheimer's. 'Meleng oa hlahisoa le ho jeoa ke lisele tsa sebete.
• Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). E boetse e bitsoa sapropterin kapa BH₄, ke coenzyme ea bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahiso ea nitric oxide le hydroxylases ea li-amino acid tse nkhang hamonate. Ho haella ha eona ho amana le ho lahleheloa ke li-neurotransmitters tse kang dopamine kapa serotonin.
• Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone). E boetse e tsejoa e le ubidecarenone kapa coenzyme Q, 'me e tloaelehile hoo e batlang e le lisele tsohle tse teng tsa mitochondrial. Ho bohlokoa bakeng sa phefumoloho ea lisele tsa aerobic, ho hlahisa 95% ea matla 'meleng oa motho joalo ka ATP. E nkuoa e le antioxidant mme e khothalletsoa e le tlatsetso ea lijo, hobane botsofaling coenzyme ena e ke ke ea hlola e etsoa.
• Glutathione(GSH). Tripeptide ena ke se sirelletsang antioxidant le seleng khahlano le li-radicals tsa mahala le chefo e meng. E entsoe hantle sebeteng, empa sele leha e le efe ea motho e khona ho e etsa ka li-amino acid tse ling tse kang glycine. E nkuoa e le motsoalle oa bohlokoa ntoeng ea ho loants'a lefu la tsoekere, lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa kankere le mafu a methapo.
• Vithamine C (ascorbic acid). Ke asiti ea tsoekere e sebetsang joalo ka antioxidant e matla le eo lebitso la hae le tsoang ho lefu le bakang khaello ea lona, ​​le bitsoang sekhoaba. Ts'ebetso ea coenzyme ena e theko e boima ebile e thata, ka hona, ho e ja hoa hlokahala ka ho ja.
• Vithamine B₁ (thiamine). Molek'hule e qhibilihang ka metsing le e sa qhibiliheng ka har'a joala, e hlokahalang lijong tsa hoo e ka bang tsohle lesapo la mokokotlo le tse ling likokoana-hloko, bakeng sa metabolism ea lik'habohaedreite. Ho haella ha eona 'meleng oa motho ho lebisa ho mafu a beriberi le lefu la Korsakoff.
• Biocytin. E bohlokoa haholo phetisong ea carbon dioxide, e hlaha ka tlhaho ho serum ea mali le morong. E sebelisoa lipatlisisong tsa mahlale e le tincture bakeng sa lisele tsa methapo.
• Vithamine B₂ (riboflavin). Mmala ona o mosehla ke senotlolo phepo ea liphoofolo, hobane e hlokoa ke li-flavoprotein tsohle le metabolism ea matla, ea lipids, lik'habohaedreite, protheine le li-amino acid. E ka fumaneha ka tlhaho ho tsoa lebese, raese kapa meroho e metala.
• Vithamine B₆ (pyridoxine). Coenzyme e qhibilihang ka metsi e felisoang ka moroto, ka hona e lokela ho nkeloa sebaka ke lijo: kokoana-hloko ea koro, lijo-thollo, mahe, tlhapi le linaoa, har'a lijo tse ling. E ameha metabolism ea methapo ea kutlo 'me e na le karolo e hlahelletseng potolohong ea matla.
• Lipoic acid. E tsoa ho octanoic fatty acid, e nka karolo ts'ebelisong ea tsoekere le ts'ebetsong ea li-antioxidants tse ngata. E tsoa semeleng.
• Vithamine H (biotin). E boetse e tsejoa e le Vithamine B₇ kapa B₈, e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho senyeha ha mafura a itseng le liasiti tsa amino, 'me e hlophisitsoe ke tse ngata libaktheria mala
• Coenzyme B. Ho bohlokoa ho liphetoho tsa redox tse tloaelehileng molokong oa methane ka bophelo ba likokoana-hloko.
• Cytidine triphosphate. Senotlolo sa metabolism ea lintho tse phelang, ke molek'hule e nang le matla a mangata, e ts'oanang le ATP. E bohlokoa molemong oa ho ts'oaroa ha DNA le RNA.
• Tsoekere ea nyutlelie. Bafani ba tsoekere monosaccharides, li bohlokoa molaotheong oa li-acid tsa nucleic joalo ka DNA kapa RNA, ka lits'ebetso tsa esterification.

E ka u sebeletsa: Mehlala ea Li-enzyme tsa Ts'oaetso