Litaba
The likhokahano tsa tšepe Ke mofuta oa kopano ea lik'hemik'hale e hlahang lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa tšepe e le 'ngoe,' me ka tsona likarolo tsa limolek'hule tse ngata li fihlellehang, ho tloha ha li-nuclei tsa liathomo ba kopana mmoho hoo ba qalang ho arolelana dieleketerone tsa bona tsa valence.
Ba morao ba siea litloaelo tsa bona tsa setso mme ba lula ho potoloha le li-nuclei, joalo ka mofuta oa leru, mme khoheli lipakeng tsa liqoso tsa bona tse mpe le liqoso tse ntle tsa li-nuclei ke tsona tse kopanyang sete e kopane.
Ka tsela ena, tlamo ea tšepe ke tlamo e matla ebile e ka sehloohong ea athomo, e ka etsahalang feela lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa mofuta o le mong ebile e se mofuta oa alloy. Hape, mefuta ena ea lihokela ha ea lokela ho ferekanngoa le ionic kapa covalent, leha e ka arolelana likarolo tse ling ho tloha ha liathomo li kenyelletsa phapanyetsano ea li-elektronike ho isa bohōleng bo itseng.
Matlotlo a litlamo tsa tšepe
Ho ketsahalo e makatsang ea litlamo tsa tšepe litšobotsi tse ngata tsa litšepe li lokela ho ba joalo ka ho tiea le ho thatafala ha thepa ea bona, bobebe ba eona le ductility, o motle ho tsamaisa mocheso kapa motlakase, esita le ho phatsima ha bona, kaha ba khutlisa hoo e batlang e le matla ohle a leseli a ba otlang.
Likarolo tsa athomo tse kopantsoeng ke mofuta ona oa likonopo hangata li hlophisitsoe ka mahlakore a mararo ka mahlakore a mahlakore a tšeletseng, likhubiki, kapa ka litsela tse ling tse ngata: joalo ka ha ho le joalo mercurymohlala, e leng mokelikeli mocheso oa kamore, mokhatlo oa athomo o hlaha ka mekhoa e fapaneng mme o lumella sebopeho sa marotholi a chitja a phethahetseng.
Mehlala ea litlamo tsa tšepe
Litlamo tsa tšepe li atile haholo lefats'eng la tšepe, kahoo ntho efe kapa efe e hloekileng ea tšepe ke mohlala oa tsona, e leng:
- Lihokela tsa liathomo tsa Silver (Ag).
- Lihokela lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa khauta (Au).
- Lihokela tsa liathomo tsa Cadmium (Cd).
- Khokahano lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa Iron (Fe).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Nickel (Ni).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Zinc (Zn).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Koporo (Cu).
- Lichelete pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Platinum (Pt).
- Lihokelo lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa Aluminium (Al).
- Lihokelo lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa Gallium (Ga).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Titanium (Ti).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Palladium (Pd).
- Khokahano lipakeng tsa liathomo tsa Lead (Pb).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Iridium (Ir).
- Litlamo pakeng tsa liathomo tsa Cobalt (Co).
E ka u sebeletsa
- Mehlala ea Litlamo tsa Ionic
- Mehlala ea Likoloto tsa Covalent
